Education

Education[edit]

Main article: Education in Sri Lanka

The University of Peradeniya's Sarachchandra open air theatre, named in memory of Ediriweera Sarachchandra, Sri Lanka's premier playwright.

With a literacy rate of 92.5%,^[234] Sri Lanka has one of the most literate populations amongst developing nations.^[314] Its youth literacy rate stands at 98%,^[315] computer literacy rate at 35%,^[316] and primary school enrolment rate at over 99%.^[317] An education system which dictates 9 years of compulsory schooling for every child is in place. The free education system established in 1945,^[318] is a result of the initiative of C. W. W. Kannangara and A. Ratnayake.^[319][320] It is one of the few countries in the world that provide universal free education from primary to tertiary stage.^[321]
Kannangara led the establishment of the Madhya Maha Vidyalayas (Central Schools) in different parts of the country in order to provide education to Sri Lanka's rural children.^[316] In 1942 a special education committee proposed extensive reforms to establish an efficient and quality education system for the people. However, in the 1980s changes to this system saw the separation the of administration of schools between the central government and the provincial government. Thus the elite National Schools are controlled directly by the Ministry of Education and the provincial schools by the provincial government. Sri Lanka has approximately 9675 government schools, 817 private schools and Pirivenas.^[234] The number of public universities in Sri Lanka is 15.^[322] However, lack of responsiveness of the education system to labour market requirements, disparities in access to quality education, lack of an effective linkage between secondary and tertiary education remain major challenges for the education sector.^[323] A number of private, degree awarding institutions have emerged in recent times to fill in these gaps. But still, the participation at tertiary level education hovers around 5.1%.^[324] The proposed private university bill has been withdrawn by the Higher Education Ministry after university students’ heavy demonstrations and resistance.^[325]
The British science fiction author Arthur C. Clarke (most famous as the author of 2001 A Space Odyssey) served as Chancellor of Moratuwa University in Sri Lanka from 1979 to 2002.^[326]